Computer networks build the foundation of the internet. While reviewing network operations and protocols, we will also-review Microsoft exam network fundamentals 98-366.
In the early days of the internet, people connected via a dial up modem. Typically the speed was 28 KB / second. The connection was over POTS, plain old telephone system. You may remember using AOL dial up and the you got mail message, wow. In the 2000, 70% of the people used dial up.
The next advancement in technology was digital subscriber line. DSL is asynchronous and transmits both voice and data.
The typical Home network consists of broad band and a modem. Broadband uses Data over cable service interface specifications DOCSIS. High bandwidth transmission standard over broadband. DOCSIS supports high bandwidth transfers (1GB) via data modulation techniques. Broadband is a shared medium and will show slow downs during peak usage hours (8 – 12 pm).
ISDN Integrated Service dedicated network or leased lines provide means to connect remotes offices. This technology uses Pharrell digital transmission. This medium supports video transmission at 64 kB / channel.
The two interfaces used are basic rate (hone use) and primary rate. Basic rate has 2 B channels at 64 KB and 1 D channel 16 KB
Primary rate was designed for business. 23 Chanel’s at 64 KB and one D channel at 64 KB. The circuits are T1 circuits. T1 provides internet connection between remote sites, voice connectivity for PBX over leases lines. T1 provides 23 voice channels.
A more affordable option for voice over IP is SIP session intilization protocol trunking.
T1 24 channels 1.5 MB
T2 96 channels 6.3 MB
T3 672 channels 44.76 MB
T3 DS3
E standard 32 channels 2 MB
MPLS multiprotocol label switching private routed connection uses label switch routing – route tables to labels. Packets are forwarded based on labels. Label switching results in redundancy and resiliency.
Customers internal network connect to MPLS via virtual routing. MPLS is a layer 3. The on premise network will connect via OSP Open shortest path or BGP border gateway protocol. The dynamic routing protocol will allow companies to easily add new locations. The new routes are added dynamically.
VPLS connectivity virtual private label switching is layer 2 bridging. The edge can be a switch often provided by service provider. VPLS is a cost effective means to connect multiple sites.
VPN and tunnels are cost effective way to connect two remote resources. VPN creates a secure tunnel. Tunnels are typically site to site. A VPN encapsulates the data and securely sends across the network. Once the data arrives it is de-encapsulated.
We can setup unencrypted tunnels which utilizes generic routing encapsulation GRE The protocols used include 47, TCP, UDP, and multicast. This protocol works well with OSPF.
Wireless technologies include fixed based wireless provide by internet service provider. These solution is cost effective and speed may fluctuate. Another option is satellite wireless. This can be utilized access internet and transport data. (Remote location) This service tends to be expensive. Satellite is low bandwidth and high latency. This not good for Voice over IP service.
Wireless services also include 3G and 4G. With a good cell connection, throughout can be 3 – 4 MB per second. These plans can be quite expensive. These services are good for data backups.
Based on this information, we can help plan, design, and integrate your network. The end result will be improved service and overall performance. Please contact us for more information. Thanks
